Suchergebnisse

Modernization of continuing education system in the sphere of healthcare and enhancement of training efficiency is associated with utilization of information and communication technologies, including remote and e-education.Objective of the study is to assess the prospects of application of electronic and remote learning in case of vocational training for work with pathogenic biological agents.Materials and methods. Using analytical methods, evaluated have been legislative, normative-methodological documents, publications in the sphere of information-communication technology application in educational activities, as well as safety of works with PBA of the I-IV groups of pathogenicity; professional competencies of the specialist allowed to handle PBA; advanced retraining and vocational programs realized at the premises of the plague-control institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor.Results and conclusions. Holding vocational reorientation courses via remote education is considered to be impossible. It is reasonable, prospective, and upto-date to apply elements of electronic learning when realizing curricula for professional reorientation, and elements of remote and electronic education in case of advanced professional training. Modern information technologies can significantly enhance efficacy of further (continuing) vocational education at the premises of plague control institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor. ; Модернизация системы непрерывного образования в области здравоохранения и повышение эффективности обучения связывают с использованием информационных и коммуникационных технологий, в том числе электронного обучения и дистанционного образования.Цель исследования: оценка перспектив применения электронного и дистанционного обучения при профессиональной подготовке специалистов для работ с патогенными биологическими агентами.Материалы и методы. Аналитическим методом изучены законодательные, нормативно-методические документы, публикации в области использования информационно-коммуникационных технологий в образовательной деятельности; безопасности работ с ПБА I–IV групп патогенности; профессиональные компетенции специалистов, допускаемых к работам с ПБА; учебные программы профессиональной переподготовки и повышения квалификации, реализуемые на базе противочумных учреждений Роспотребнадзора.Результаты и выводы. Проведение курсов профессиональной переподготовки специалистов с помощью дистанционного обучения не представляется возможным. Целесообразно, перспективно и актуально применение элементов электронного обучения при реализации учебных программ профессиональной переподготовки, а элементов дистанционного и электронного обучения – программ повышения квалификации. Современные информационные технологии могут существенно повысить эффективность дополнительного профессионального образования на базе противочумных учреждений Роспотребнадзора.

The new European Guidelines of Dislipidemia Management of the European Societies of Cardiology and Arteriosclerosis consider HIV+ as patients at high risk of developing cardiovascular events and deaths. The objective of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular events and deaths in a series of HIV+ patients. Observational, cross‐sectional study, including a cohort of HIV+ and HIV− patients from 2008. CVR was calculated using the SCORE‐CVR chart. Variation on lipid profile and incidence of cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death or death related to any cause were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for MAC. 154 HIV+ and 155 HIV− patients were included. Mean age: 44.8±9.5 vs 55.2±14.3 y and 69.5% vs 49% males respectively (p<0.01). Mean time since HIV+ diagnosis was 11±6.2 y. Mean BMI and systolic blood pressure were lower in HIV+ (25.1±6.7 kg/m2 vs 28.7±5.1 kg/m2, (p<0.01) and 119.6±19.4 vs 124.7±14.7 mmHg, (p=0.044; respectively)). A lower proportion of hypertense, diabetic and obese patients was observed in HIV+ (25.5% vs 6.5%; 20.6% vs 3.9% and 36.8% vs 12.3%) but a larger proportion of smokers (68.8% vs 29.7%) was observed (p<0.01 in all cases). Mean cholesterol and LDLc were lower in HIV+ (191.2±41.4 vs 218.5±44.6 mg/dl and 109.5±33.9 vs 134.6±37.7 mg/dl; p<0.01; respectively) but with a lower mean HDLc and higher TG (50.3±19 mg/dl vs 55.2±14.9 mg/dl; p=0.013 and 156.7±85.7 vs 135.8±66.2 mg/dl; p=0.017; respectively). There was no significant difference in mean CVR‐SCORE (3.5±3.6% vs 4.4±3.8%; p=0.091). With this SCORE, 5.2±5.3 and 6.7±5.8 cardiovascular events or deaths should be expected in HIV+ and HIV− respectively at 10 y. Four years later cholesterol, LDLc, HDLc, TG in HIV+ and HIV− patients did not vary compared with those obtained 4 y before. 5 events and 1 death were seen at 4 y follow‐up in HIV+, and in HIV− patients. The incidence of events in HIV+ patients is similar to the expected according to their SCORE at 10 y. We could suppose that once the 10 y follow‐up is reached, this incidence would be higher. On the other side, in HIV− at 4 y just 3 events ocurred, far from the 6.7 events expected. There were no significant differences between lipid profiles in any of the cohorts. Lipid profile with low HDLc and high TG is persistent in HIV+ patients at 4 y follow‐up. Understimation of CVR in HIV+ patients by SCORE charts could be present as soon as 4 y after the first assesment. This supports the stratification of HIV+ patients as high‐risk patients in new guidelines.